A field experiment was carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2012 and 2013 on very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. The aim of the study was to characterize morphological achenes and determine the fertility potential and real of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) plants derived from micropropagation grown under irrigation. Low fertility real of cap plant resulted from the participation of infertile fruit-achenes it means devoid of the seeds. Due to the fact that this plant is entered on the list of invasive species, this property may be desirable during plantation establishment. As a result, the plant will not be so easy to penetrate into the ecosystem and will not pose a threat to native biodiversity. ...
The plant material were plants of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench) collected from natural locations in October 2012. Initial explants were apical buds enfolded into two leaves. Isolated explants were chemically sterilized. Reproducted shoots were divided and put into three types of mediums: medium MS (control) containing 37 mg P∙dm-3, medium MS without additive of P (0,0 mg P∙dm-3), medium MS with additional amound of P (74 mg P∙dm-3). The aim of research was to specify the influence of phosphorus content in medium for choosen growth parameters and accumulation of assimilatory pigments: chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids. Analysis of these compounds were done spectrophotometrically. The made research, proved, that the richest in mentioned substances were microseedlings growing on the medium with increased amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus deficiency in medium MS had a statistically essential effect on changes in growth modifications of microseedlings of sandy everlasting (Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench). Additional amount of phosphorus in the medium had a statistically essential effect on increasing of chlorophyll a+b in comparison with plants growing on the medium MS with optimal phosphorus amount or without this element by accordinglly 36% and 23%. Moreover, it caused a growth of ...
A field experiment carried out in two vegetation seasons in the years 2010 and 2011 on a very light soil at Kruszyn Krajeński, in the vicinity of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Investigation of the influence of drip irrigation on some growth parameters of 2-year-old cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) were done. The cup plants were cultivated from the micropropagation seedlings. The experiment was performed as one factorial in 4 replications. The main factor of the experiment was irrigation performed with following variants: O- without irrigation (control plots), D- with drip irrigation. Drip irrigation was scheduled according to tensiometers indications. Irrigation significantly increase the height of the plants, the length and number of internode, the thickness of the stalk,. Irrigation also increased the fresh weight of the shoots, and the number of the leaves. ...
At field experiment carried out in the years 2009-2010 at the very light soil in Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz, the influence of drip irrigation on the chosen features of height of cup plant was studied. The cup plants were cultivated from the micropropagation seedlings. The experiment was done as a one factorial in 4 replications. The main factor of the experiment was irrigation done with following variants: O- without irrigation (control plots), K- with drip irrigation. Drip irrigation scheduling was done according to tensiometers indications. Experimental material were cup plants seedlings from micropropagation. Irrigation significantly influenced on the height increase of the leaves fresh mass and the number of the leaves. Irrigation also increased the transpiration leaf area and the dry matter content. ...
There has been a growing interest over the last years in techniques using alternative and pharmaceutical plants due to their wide potential applications. These species are characterised by valuable and multidirectional usable features, due to which their practical application is superior to their physiognomic features. These plants may provide a raw material for production of medicines, cosmetics or may be used for animal feeds. Moreover they may be used as ornamental, melliferous and energy plants. Owing to their generally low soil requirements they are used in the reclamation of degraded land. Among the species characterized by multidirectional use are Silphium perfoliatum, Helichrysum arenarium and Stevia rebaudiana. These plants are characterized by a high content of active compounds and a number of pro-health characteristics. Because raw materials for production of medicines and cosmetics should be standardized, cultures maintained under controlled conditions are a good source of seedlings. ...
The paper presents the optimization process of obtaining plantlets of Stevia rebaudiana under in vitro culture conditions and describes the method for adjusting the rooted plants to ex vitro conditions. The low viability of seeds and poor germination are the reasons of difficulties in commercial cultivation of this species in Poland. Plant tissue and cell cultures are the techniques helping to overcome these limitations. Numerous shoots were obtained using sterile nodal segments that were cultured on solidified MS media and supplemented with phytohormones. Elongated shoots were transferred onto the rooting medium. Thus in vitro regenerated plantlets were acclimated to greenhouse conditions. The highest efficiency of shoots proliferation was observed at presence of 0.5 mg dm-3 BAP. The longest stems and the largest number of leaves and the greatest width of leaf were observed when 0.5 mg dm-3 GA3 was applied into medium. The process of rhizogenesis was intensified by the 0.5 mg dm-3 IBA contained in the nutrient medium. Under the influence of this phytohormone roots were the most numerous and the longest. At the stage of acclimatization 1/4 MS salt solution was used for irrigation of plantlets what supports increased of the process from 46% to 70% in comparison ...
The study of drip fertigation of winter squash ‘Gomez' was conducted on the very light soil on the experimental field in Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz in the years 2007 and 2008. The research was established as one-factorial, using the method of drawn blocks, in four replications. Drip fertigation (DF) as the liquid fertilization supplied nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus to the plants three times during growing season. As the control (DP), the drip irrigation combined with broadcast application was used. The potassium and phosphorus fertilization of control plots was applied before seed sawing. The nitrogen fertilization of control plots was provided in three single doses during vegetation. The liquid and powder fertilizations were performed at the same time. The complex fertilizer 'Universol Blue' (N:P:K = 18:11:18) was used. The dose of fertilizer was 3:2:3 (187.5:125:187.5 kg of NPK per ha). The irrigation was conducted using the drip line 'T-Tape'. The liquid fertilizer was mixed by the 'Dosatron' dispenser. The irrigation started when the soil water pressure, measured with the tensiometers, was near -0.04 MPa. In comparison to the control (powder fertilization), the drip fertigation (liquid fertilization) significantly increased marketable fruit yield, single fruit weight and fruit number. Most of the tested ...
This study examined the effect of fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark and mulching with fresh forest ectohumus on selected growth parameters in two- and three-year seedlings of common beech and the occurrence of mites (Acari) in soil. The experiment was carried out in 2009-2010 in the Białe Błota forest nursery (Bydgoszcz Forest District) on proper rusty soil. The entire area of the experiment was irrigated with a stationary sprinkler. The beech seedlings on the plots where compost had been used as fertiliser were significantly taller than those growing on the plots where mineral fertilisers had been applied. Mulching increased the height of the seedlings significantly only in the last, third year of the study. The tallest three-year-old seedlings were found on the plots in which both of the tested procedures had been carried out. Neither of the factors under study had a significant effect on the diameter of the root neck in the second year of the nursery cultivation, but they increased it significantly in the third year. Fertilisation with compost with an addition of pine-tree bark increased the number of leaves per plant and the leaf area in two- and three-year-old ...
This study examined the effect of fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark and mulching with fresh forest ectohumus on selected growth parameters for two- and three-year-old Scots pine trees and on the incidence of mites (Acari) in the soil. The experiment was carried out in 2009-2010 in the Białe Błota forest nursery (Bydgoszcz Forest District) on proper rusty soil. The entire area of the experiment was irrigated with a stationary sprinkler.Organic fertilisation with compost prepared from hygienised sludge with an addition of pine-tree bark resulted in a significant increase in the plant height and the diameter of the root neck in two-year-old pine trees. The effect of mulching on these parameters was not significant. The synergistic effect of the factors on the plant height and the diameter of the root neck was not significant. Organic fertilisation significantly increased the height of 3-year-old pine trees, whereas it did not have a significant effect on the root neck diameter. Mulching increased the plant height significantly, but no statistical effect on the diameter of the root neck was demonstrated. Although no significant interaction of either experimental factors in their effect on the plant height and the ...
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of drip irrigation on the nutritive value of winter squash ‘Rouge vif d'Etampes' fruits analyzed directly after the harvest and after the storage. The plants were grown on the very light soil in the region of decreased rainfall amounts during the vegetation period. The field experiment was conducted in 2007-2008 at Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz on the soil of quality class V-VI (very weak and weak-rye-soil-complex). The field water capacity in the soil layer 0-50 cm was 57.5 mm, while the effective useful retention amounted 29.3 mm. The experiment was designed as one-factorial trial in four replications; drip irrigation as the experiment factor was applied. As the control the plots without irrigation were considered. The single plot area was 11.2 m2. The drip irrigation was conducted according to the soil tensiometer indications ( 0.04 MPa). The research material was the eatable parts of fresh fruits that were analyzed directly after the harvest and after the storage for six months at the temperature 10°C and the relative air humidity 75%. The drip irrigation performed during the cultivation of winter squash increased the content of vitamin C, total carotenoids including ß-carotene, as ...
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of drip irrigation on yielding of summer squash ‘White Bush' grown under conditions of two localities: Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński (soil of quality class IVb, and of good-rye-soil-complex) and Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz (soil of quality class V, and of weak-rye-soil-complex). The study was designed as one-factorial trial: drip irrigation as the experimental factor was considered. Drip irrigation was conducted according to soil tensiometer indications (-0.04 MPa). Both, in Lipnik as well as in Kruszyn Krajeński, drip irrigation significantly increased marketable yield of summer squash ‘White Bush'. A higher rise in yields due to irrigation was obtained in Kruszyn Krajeński than in Lipnik. Mean marketable yield of summer squash fruits in Lipnik was higher than that obtained in Kruszyn Krajeński. Drip irrigation significantly increased the single fruit weight in relation to the control, in both crop localities. The system of drip irrigation significantly affected the number of fruits per plant. Summer squash plants grown in Lipnik produced higher number of fruits, than in Kruszyn Krajeński. In addition, essential influence of drip irrigation was affirmed on chemical composition of fruits, i.e. dry matter, vitamin C, monosaccharides, saccharose, content of total sugars ...
