Maps are integral components of research in pedology. Visual presentation of the spatial and temporal distribution of a phenomenon often provides clues to the process(es) that generated the phenomenon. The procedure of generating and editing of the soils computer maps based on standard programming of the PC computers is presented. Two examples of the map are shown: - the map of depth of loam occurence in soils Experimental Station ATR in Mochełek - the map of distribution of cadmium in the upper layer of soils from the area of the Bydgoszcz city. The were made basing on the standard easy attainable program as Microsoft Excel, MicroStation, Corel Draw and Surfer 7.0. The succeeding steps of the map editing: digital control, the generation of isolines, the edition and location of data obtained in this way in the suitable information layers, are discussed. Method of numeric interpolation was used to the soil surface mapping using irregulary spaced data. The presented examples testify to many following advantages of the use of the method: high rate of mapping, facility of its modification and updating. ...
Two soil profiles at Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz were studied at the paper. Characteristic of soils and their water properties were determined. Air temperature (t) values and rainfall amounts (P) in particular months of vegetation period (April–September) in 1997–2006 for the investigated area were given. The vegetation period was characterized by mean air temperature 14,4 °C, ranging in particular years from 13,4 to 15,2 °C. Rainfall total during the vegetation period amounted on average 283,4 mm, ranging from 177,5 to 377 mm. Potential evapotranspiration (Etp) amounts were also determined using Grabarczyk’s formula. Irrigation requirements under the considered soil-climatic conditions were determined according to the following Drupka’s proposal: rainfall total (P) in the vegetation period as well as potential evapotranspiration (Etp) and difference Etp – P. Irrigation is needed when rainfall is lower than 370 mm, Etp is higher than 515 mm, and difference Etp – P is higher than 150 mm. On the base of rainfall amounts in vegetation period it can be stated that in years 1997-2006 irrigation requirements have been occurred in 8 seasons, and in two remaining years irrigation also could be needed because rainfall amounts were slightly higher from 370 mm (only by 4 and 7 ...
The aim of the study was to compare the growth of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) as well as the state of soil mites (Acari) in two-year cultivations on the reclaimed post-military area at Forest Dis-trict Żołędowo. Afforestation was carried out with the use of two-year old birch and pine seedlings obtained from bare root nurseries (production with mulching and without mulching - traditional method). The experiments were conducted in 2010-2011 on Brunic Arenosols characterized by texture of loamy sand in the surface layer as well as by the strongly acid reaction. The experiments included the following variants: BrzC - birch cultivation which was afforested by the use of traditional seedlings (production of seedlings without mulching), BrzS - birch cultivation which was afforested by the use of seedlings produced with mulching, SoC - pine cultivation which was afforested by the use of traditional seedlings (production of seedlings without mulching), SoS - pine cultivation which was affor-ested by the use of seedlings produced with mulching. The cultivation of Scots pine was characterized by the better efficiency of planting (over 96 %). The mulching treatment - conducted at the nursery - had the positive ...
The aim of the study was to determine the physico-chemical status of soil, vegetation and fauna of soil Acari on the afforested post-military area By-dgoszcz-Jachcice. Two-year old Scots pine seedlings - produced at zoo-melioration treatment applied - were used for afferestation. Investigations were conducted in the year 2008. Experiment was run as two-factorial trial. The first row factor was the way of preparation of the area destined for afforestation: main plot which was previously sown with lupin (A) and the main plot without this sowing (B). The second row factor was the way of seedling production used at forest nursery school (subplots): 1 – compost with addition of bark, without mulching, 2 – compost with addition of bark, with mulching, 3 – compost with addition of sawdust, without mulching, 4 – compost with addition of sawdust, with mulching. Soils of the studied area were classified as rusty soils formed from loose sand. Occurrence of slightly loamy sand characterized by the clay fraction (< 0,002 mm) content, was found on all the plots in the range 4–6%. Differentiation of Corg content ranged from 10,5 to 14,4 g.kg-1. C/N ratio ranged from 17,0 to 23,6. All the plots were characterized by the ...
The influence of fertilization with the compost prepared from treated sewage sludge with bark additive and mulching with the fresh forest ectohumus on the soil conditions, chosen parameters of one-year old European beech seedlings growth as well as the occurrence of soil mites (Acari) with special emphasis of oribatid mites (Oribatida) was investigated in the paper. The trials were carried out in 2008 at forest nursery Białe Błota (Forest District Bydgoszcz) on the rusty soil. The whole area of the experiment was irrigated with the use of stationary sprinkling machine. The soil was characterized by the pH in H2O - 7,41 and that in 1M KCl - 6,88, as well as the low content of available potassium (6,8-7,3 mg K2O 100g-1 of soil) and available phosphorus (8,0 -8,5 mg P2O5 100g-1 of soil). European beech seedlings on plots fertilized with the compost were significantly higher than those grown on plots with mineral fertilization. Influence of mulching - conducted in September - was insignificant on both the studied parameters of one-year old European beech seedlings growth. After the measure of mulching on the adequate plots, the density of mites, especially saprophage oribatid mites. ...
The influence of fertilization with the compost prepared from forest humus and mulching with the fresh ectohumus on the soil properties, the growth of one-year old Scots pine seedlings as well as on the biological activity of soils in the forest nursery was studied in the work. The biological activity was estimated with the usage of bioindicatory method - mites (Acari), especially saprophage oribatid mites (Oribatida) were used as biological indices. On the base of the study it was stated that the ground surface horizon was characterized by acid reaction. Fertilization with the compost from forest humus increased significantly the height of Scots pine seedlings - plants cultivated on plots fertilized with compost were by 46% higher than those fertilized by mineral fertilizers only. Organic fertilization increased also significantly the fresh mass of the above-ground parts of Scots pine seedlings. Effect of mulching - which was carried out in September - on the investigated parameters was not detected. In the spring - before the measure of mulching - the density of mites on the studied ground was low. Among these arthropods the most numerous were Actinedida which constituted from 91 to 100% of all mites. After the ...
The effect of fertilization with the compost from forest humus and mulching with the fresh ectohumus on the soil properties, the growth of one-year old white birch seedlings as well as on the biological activity of soils in the forest nursery was investigated in the work. The biological activity was estimated with the use of bioindicatory method - mites (Acari), especially saprophage oribatid mites (Ori-batida) were used as biological indices. The pedosphere of studied area in the forest nursery had acid reaction (pH), and the mulching with the fresh forest ectohumus decreased additionally this value. On the basis of analysis of available P and K, it was found that there was small differentiation between plots fertilized with mineral fertilization and those fertilized with the compost and mulched with the fresh ectohumus. Fertilization with the compost significantly increased the height and the fresh mass of the above-ground parts of one-year old white birch seedlings. Influence of mulching - conducted in September - on these parameters was not detected. In the spring sea-son, before the mulching measure, the density of mites was low. After the mulching measure, the number of mites - especially saprophage oribatid mites - was dis-tinctly increased. On ...
The impact of fertilization with the compost prepared from treated sewage sludge with Scots pine bark additive and mulching with the fresh forest ectohumus on the soil conditions, chosen parameters of one-year old Scots pine seedlings growth as well as the occurrence of soil mites (Acari) with special emphasis of oribatid mites (Oribatida) was investigated in the paper. The trials were carried out in 2008 at forest nursery Białe Błota (Forest District Bydgoszcz) on the rusty soil. The whole area of the experiment was irrigated with the use of stationary sprinkling machine.Analysis of the soil pH in particular variants of the experiment indicated that the use of organic fertilization and mulching decreased pH value. Content of available phosphorus ranged from 5,51 to 7,64 mg P2O5 100g-1 of soil, and the higher values were noted on plots fertilized with the compost and mulched. Similar dependence was noted in case of the available potassium content. Scots pine seed-lings on plots fertilized with the compost were significantly higher than those grown on plots with mineral fertilization. Organic fertilization increased also sig-nificantly the fresh mass of the above-ground parts seedlings - on average, by 79%. Impact of mulching - carried out in September - ...
Chosen chemical, physical and biological properties of a fallow soil as well as plant succession in the first year after cultivation of chosen cereals (buckwheat, millet, maize) and potatoes under sprinkler irrigation, were determined in the paper. Trials were conducted in 2005 at Kruszyn Krajeński near Bydgoszcz on a very light soil classified to weak rye complex of agricultural suitability. It was found that in regard of granulation, humus horizons of the studied soil belonged to two textural groups: loose sandy soil and coarse sandy soil. They contained from 3 to 6 % silt and clay whereas the content of organic carbon was typical for sandy soils and ranged from 9,40 to 9,90 g*kg-1. There were no marked and oriented differences in the organic carbon content between control fields and those which were previously irrigated. On the basis of available phosphorus and potassium contents, the humus horizons of the studied soil can be included to I–III and I–IV classes of soil fertility, respectively. Soil pH was very differentiated. In the first year of fallow, annual plants of arable lands were dominant (mostly Conyza canadiensis). It was connected with properties of habitat, and on the other hand with agricultural practices which ...
