Currently, there is more attention paid to the need of using renewable energy sources (RES). The increased interest in renewable energy sources is associated with greater public awareness of limited conventional energy sources and with gradual increase in energy prices. There's noticeably more investors who plan the investments associated with the use of RES. They can count on the revenue associated with supplying the energy (purchase obligation). In addition, the energy producer from RES receives certificates of origin "green certificates" which can be traded on the commodity exchange market.The increasing interest in RES development is the main reason for looking at new possibilities to generate energy from these sources. The paper presents issues related to the use of energy from natural flows in rivers. Characterizes the energy potential based on the sum discharge curve of the Bobr River and duration established for long-term flows. The analysis of conditions affecting the development of hydropower has been presented. The basic environment conditions essential for the design, construction and operation of hydroelectric power has been summarized.
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The results of works on the study of the flood protection for Strzelin voivod ship are presented in the paper. More in detail the conditionings connected with the principles of the modern water policy and methodical aspect of the study are discussed. Rational management of water resources is in accordance with the act from 18 July 2001 Water Law (Dz. U. z 2005 r. Nr 239, poz. 2019 z późn. zm ) one of the cornerstones of sustainable development. The main goal of water management programs is to ensure an adequate water quantity and quality for the population, and to floods and drought protection as well as improvement the status of aquatic ecosystems. Components of such programs is to update the surface impoundment, then the development of flood protection schemes, and estimation of investment needs for irrigation. Condition of flood hazard arising from the possibility of flooding of both rainfall and snowmelt, occurs practically for the whole of Lower Silesia. On the other hand, causing declining water resources to focus on cost-effective water resources management and to draw attention to the potential lying in the small retention.This paper describes some elements of water management plan in a basin of the ...
Samples of excess sludge from wastewater treatment plants were investiga-ted in order to determine the dependence of rheological parameters of sewage sludge on lime addition. Hydration of the sludge is one of its main features which determine sludge management and waste disposal cost. The rheological behavior of sludge is a key characteristic, since it determines the treatment processes. This research has evaluated the use of rheological properties for characterization and control of sludge and lime mixture flow behaviour. A laboratory investigation was conducted using rotating coaxial cylinder and several different gravimetric on-centrations of the investigated sludge. In order to describe the rheological charac-teristics, the 3-parameter Herschel-Bulkley model was applied. Rheological cha-racterization is of great importance in sludge management, both in terms of biomass dewatering and stabilizing properties, and in terms of design parameters for sludge handling operations.
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The verification of the project of designed spillway of Chwalimierz reservoir was the main purpose of conducted research. The Chwalimierz reservoir was designed by Water Service Ltd. in order to protect the valley from flood as well to ensures, water for rural cultivation irrigation. This reservoir is going to be built on Sredzka Woda, and will decrase flood wave in order to protect the city Sroda Slaska. This research was conducted on Water Laboratory at Environmental Engineering Department of Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science. The research was executed using 1:10 scale. The investigation included the hydraulic analyses of spillway especially the verification of the flow rate curve. The water delivery is assembled by inlet chamber with two pipelines (diameter 1000mm) with valves and spillway (3*1,70m) which is located on overfall crest of vertical well. The water from service spillway is carried of to low station channel. The length of it is about 30 m and it is ended with trough. In this paper Authors presents methodology of model research and comparison of theoretical calculation with model research results. The research has confirmed the correctness of assumed design. The small differences between model research and theoretical calculations allow to ...
The individual water intakes are an important source of water supply for human consumption in Polish rural areas. The wells are often not covered by research in range of water suitability for human consumption, therefore, a significant number of rural inhabitants use water of unknown parameters, physico-chemical and biological likely to contain contaminants harmful to humans.The main goal of this research has been determination of changes in concentrations of phosphorus compounds in water from wells located in the village Przeździedza. The research has covered the period from March 2009 until February 2010. The six wells constructed of concrete rings or from a stone has been analyzed. The following parameters has been determined: phosphate. The results of this research indicate that, poorly protected wells are characterized by worse water quality. The results confirm the fact that, poorly protected wells are characterized by a poorer quality of water. However, the average concentration of phosphate in all wells was very low, and each of them corresponded to the obligatory standards in Poland.
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The essential element of presented research is a description of the changes induced in the aquatic system as a result of human intervention by building barrage. The main objective of this study is to determine the differences in the quantity and condition of fish at the upper and lower station of the reservoir with regard to infected fish with Posthodiplostomum cuticola. Overall assessment of the species composition of fish at the upper and lower station of the reservoir in Brzeg Dolny allowed the quantitative analysis of fish in the Odra River. In the relevant section of the watercourse, the biggest fish of the carp family originated e.g. 89% of the total population. The study determines the overall health condition of fish at the lower and upper station. Particular attention was paid to changes in shell fish caused by vermines such as worm (Posthodiplostomum cuticola). Preliminary analysis, testing and a review of the literature data show the heterogeneous nature of the river ecosystem above and below grade on the Brzeg Dolny Reservoir. The barrage is an obstacle in the river which forms two separate living environments for fish, due to a significant difficulty in migrating between the upper and lower station, ...
The paper presents an natural indexation of the Olawa river precincts city Strzelin, with particular consideration of land management closely adjoin the river. The analysis was based on field research carried out by Ilnickiego and Le-wandowski methods. The research covered approximately 3.5 km long section of the river, which was divided into 15 homogeneous sections. The period of presented research was covered between July and September 2010 and May 2011. Based on respective section of the inventory, an assessment of species diversity and assessment of the degree of naturalness as well as natural river system values. The results indicate a low ecomorphological value of the Olawa river adjoin Strzelin. The River has been classified to the IV category of natural, what means that the analyzed area is fully regulated, and the ecosystem is clearly changed, and the landscape attractiveness is very small. The significant presence of species affinity with nitrogen in the adjoin watercourse areas, which may be related to the agricultural nature of the land adjacent to the river in the municipality of Strzelin. ...
The results of research over influence of air temperature on oxygen condition in carp pond are present in this paper. Mean of dissolved oxygen concentration observed at 8 am were equal 7,18 mg O2·dm-3, at 2 pm – 12,76 mg O2·dm-3 and at 8 pm – 13,37 mg O2·dm-3. Large fluctuations of dissolved oxygen concentration in the euphotic zone of eutrophic fish pond were observed. Oxygen condition lower then lower limit of dissolved oxygen concentration for carp (5 mg O2·dm-3) were observed at 8 am (minimum = 2,34 mg O2·dm-3). The highest oxygen concentration were observed in the afternoon (14 pm) and in the evening (8 pm). The highest oxygen concentration were equal 25,8 mg O2·dm-3. Analysis of connection between air temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration revealed weak but essential relationship for the results from 2 and 8 pm. Increase of oxygen concentration was observed with increase of air temperature. ...
The main aims of the paper are legal requirements demanding to construction and operation of domestic treatment plants. The publication consists of two parts. In these part of article (2nd part) the limitation arising a.i. from local development plans, water protection zones, according to constructions of domestic wastewater treatment plants are pointed. Technical requirements that should be met by locating domestic wastewater treatment plant in real property area are presented. The standards of treated wastewater quality, discharged into water or soil including the requirements to be met depending of location (in or out of agglomeration) are shown. Additionally, cases in which operating application of domestic wastewater treatment plant to the mayor is required, are listed. It was concluded, that part of the domestic wastewater treatment plants, especially those located in agglomeration area, will not met present requirements of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment discharged into surface water, water facilities or soil. In the first part of article (Jawecki i in. 2016) the definition and basic types of domestic wastewater treatment plants was described, required permissions, as well as cases in which it is possible the construction of domestic wastewater treatment plants. ...
The main aims of the paper are legal requirements demanding to construction and operation of domestic treatment plants. The publication consists of two parts. In the first part of article the definition and basic types of wastewater treatment plants and its effectiveness are described. In the paper, cases in which real properties can be equipped with domestic wastewater treatment plant for example: lack of sewage system and restrictions arising under the local legislation are presented. Cases, where construction of domestic wastewater treatment plant requires a building permit and/or water permit (including requirements for project) and other permits under the special provisions, were specified. In the second part of article (Jawecki et. al. 2016) limitation the location of domestic wastewater treatment plant under the local law were presented. Technical requirements that should be met by locating domestic wastewater treatment plant in real property area was presented. The standards of treated wastewater quality, discharged into water or soil was described. Cases in which operating application of domestic wastewater treatment plant to the mayor is required, were listed. ...
