The papers contains descriptive analyze of the spatial planning issues in the foothills and mountains areas, which are especially valuable because of nature environmental resources. Nature resources for agriculture development are very low, so they often need additional support. The possibilities of development are connected with natural resources, which are conducive tourism and recreation. Such development require not only appropriate tourist infrastructure (hotel, parking, tourist roads and other). The products are natural environment and relief too. I stage of paper – quantitative analysis of spatial plans, comparative analysis of changes in future land use (building or afforestation of arable areas). II stage of paper – contains description of chosen rural development plan for commune Międzylesie. The especial attention was called to the actions typical for mountains areas. Spatial planning is the first preparatory phase in development. Very important supplement is rural development plan, where it is possible to find many environmental problems solves. Słowa kluczowe: planowanie przestrzenne, planowanie terenów wiejskich, tereny górskie i podgórskie ...
In the study there has been discussed the participation of local community in solving contemporary problems of mountain lands. Public participation is an important democratic process. It plays an important part in solving the contemporary development problems not only of mountain lands but also of submontane, lowland, seaside ones. The issues have been presented on the basis of the example of Lądek Lands, especially a small town of Lądek Zdrój, the commune seat (6140 permanent inhabitants). The town is located on the Kłodzko Lands, at the altitude of 440-480 metres above sea level, between the Golden Mountains and Krowiarki in the valley of Biała Lądecka river. Geographically the land is affiliated to the South-East Sudeten. In the democratic country, as Poland is, a particular attention should be paid to the community participation in forming and cultivating the space, care for spatial order. Certain local spatial problems connected with town and village development, their renewal, restoration and revitalization may be solved only with the active participation of local communities. While implementing balanced development to planning and spatial management very important are the forms of social activity. The subject of analysis were also the mechanisms of social participation as the management tool, ...
The Author conducts a detailed analysis and assessment of the “Expert project of spatial management of the country until 2033 concept”, particularly regarding the concepts of technical infrastructure development which it contains. The Author considers the project as extremely necessary, however does not re-frain from constructive criticism. He concludes that the Government needs a vi-sion of long-term development of the country based on efforts of independent spe-cialists (possible also foreign experts). ...
The aim of this paper is to present issues related to the development of wind energy in the province of Lower Silesia. The first part of the paper based on the source materials presents conditions for the development of wind energy. Only 25% of the province area is an area of the lowest conflicting potential. In Lower Silesia, there is only one wind turbine, but the economic factors increase the inter-est in these investments. In order to designate areas for the location of wind farms many municipalities in the Lower Silesia began in recent years to create the spa-tial development plans or to change them. The study shows the involvement of the investment process based on selected municipalities of this province. The basis for the sustainable development of wind energy should be well considered spatial management. Location decisions must be preceded by a deep analysis of natural, social and landscape conditions. Such process may limits the formation of invest-ment conflicts. ...
Article is drawing issues of managing the space in rural areas that are ex-posed to the influence of urban centres. Studies include rural and urban-rural gmians in Łódź Metropolitan Area. Article highlights the important role of local planning in preventing negative effects of urban sprawl. One of the problem is the pressure on rural areas by uncontrolled migration which should enforce the deci-sions of local authorities about creating local plans, allowing for better control of using the space.The starting point for analyses are carried out research commissioned by the Ministry of Infrastructure. Studies lead to the conclusion that the area of local plans is growing in rural areas of ŁMA. Article allows to determine a state of works on new local plans in gminas covered by the surveys.
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The paper discusses the role of cultural heritage objects in spatial planning and investment processes. It particularly presents the principles an investor should follow with regards to the area, where archaeological sites have been located. Moreover, it enumerates Polish institutions responsible for the protection of his-torical objects and their competences. The article also defines the role of spatial planning as an instrument of cultural heritage protection. Finally, it presents problems related to the protection of historical objects in the community of Michałowice located nearby the city of Krakow. ...
European Union area is particular for its enormous diversity and cultural heterogeneity, which are potentially the most significant development factors in the region. EU spatial development policies play an increasingly important role in all working areas. Even if the objectives related to most important political aspects are not directly related to spatial management, spatial issues are always kept in mind. By exerting impact on spatial structure, the European Union attempts at maintaining and strengthening regional diversity, which is important for the pro-tection of cultural landscapes.The article presents the European Spatial Development Perspective, whose main role is to ensure diversity within the European Union area, because none of the activities related to spatial or settlement structure should lead to local or re-gional homogeneity. The analysis particularly focuses on cultural landscapes, which play an increasingly important role in EU spatial planning. ...
The paper presents landslides threats occurring in the community of Zakliczyn (the Małopolska region) in the context of spatial planning. Moreover, it enumerates an available sources of landslides information used for planning purposes. Particular attention was paid to the implementation of achievements and existing effects of SOPO project - The Landslides Cover Systems. SOPO is a proj-ect thanks to which our country return to the concept of general geotechnical studies.It was found that one of the most serious problems of the local planning in Zakliczyn is a big participation of landslides areas in the general area of the mu-nicipality. This causes problem with finding the investment areas, including buildings areas. As one of the most effective ways to prevent and minimize landslides damage was considered actually carried out planning and zoning. ...
The aim of this paper is evaluate of the technical infrastructure layer use-fulness in Suloszowa community planning process. Authors was assumed that the layer will allow a thorough analysis of existing community facilities in terms of utilities, identify problem areas and present the offer to potential investors. In the application of the technical infrastructure layer analysis, focuses on networks of underground and overhead infrastructure: water, gas, electricity and telecommu-nications. Spatial analyzes were performed based on the created layers of spatial information system, that can be used by the municipal administration level in the space management. The utilities network layer allowed to identify community in-vestment offer by analyzing infrastructure net and buildings in the production areas, warehouses and storage facilities. In this article has also included an conclusion for variation of methods used to calculate the density of the network indicators per area unit. ...
The study has in view to determine the planning studies impact on the value of the landscape. Attempt to assess the landscape have been taken prior to the adoption of local land use plan and after its enactment. The assessment was con-ducted on the basis of aerial photographs of the test terrain and the vision of the local. In this paper has been concluded comparative analysis of land-use plans for this terrain. The area which was analysed this „industrial zone" villages Morzy-chna. In order to determine the planning studies impact on the value of the land-scape has been used method the curve of the Wejchert. The method involves on contractual presentation of impressions and thrills the observer. By granting points in duly selected scale the observer shall be guided by intensity of sensations at specified intervals or, at a specified distance. The author of method proposes ten points at scale as well as mark them on a graph for the illustrating the changeability of impressions and thrills in contact with the landscape. ...
Proper equipment of communes with technical infrastructure is a basic element of their development and also determines the welfare of local communities. Ecologically based principles of sanitary infrastructure realization are of major significance and interest for areas with high environmental values. The paper presents the characterization of 114 communes under influence of national parks from the point of view of technical infrastructure services, basing on multi-indicator method.Through analysing wdsw and wdsk factors, the communes were divided into 5 categories: 0-20% -communes of a bad availability of water and sewerage infrastructure (3 units in case of waterworks and 23 in case of sewage system); 20-40% -communes of unsatisfactory availability of water and sewerage infrastructure (18 units in case of waterworks and 45 in case of sewage system); 40-60% - communes of an average availability of water and sewerage infrastructure (9 units in case of waterworks and 29 in case of sewage system); 60-80% - communes of good availability of water and sewerage infrastructure (25 units in case of waterworks and 11 in case of sewage system); 80-100% - communes of a very good availability of water and sewerage infrastructure (59 units in case of waterworks and 6 in case of sewage system).Taking into account ...
The article presents the issue of the accomplishment of records of law in the scope of spatial planning by local authorities. Communes that draw up land-use plans are obliged to publish these documents on the offices' websites. In the era of the development of information society, it is a crucial element that allows for an increase in the availability of local law for local actors who more than once use the Internet to get acquainted with the spatial policy of a commune. Rural communes are characterized by lower possibilities in the scope of the use of new technologies both as for the availability and the personnel and limited budget. Opportunities in this scope are based on the use of promotional-informational sites, Public Information Bulletin and geoportals to share local documents with the society.The outcomes of the presented research are promising since communes often resign from the obligation to publish land-use plans on websites. Among the units that decide to place plans on the web portals it is not always connected with posting all the documents that are existed in a commune. These observations were the basis for an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon in rural communes. ...
The article recalls an idea of a "village in a parkland landscape", which was realised in the West European countries from the mid-19th until mid-20th century. An example of the concept realised on Polish soils was the estate in Turew, the property of general Dezydery Chłapowski. At present, the area of the former property is a part of the Landscape Park. The principles of "landscape management" determined by Chłapowski have been observed up to this day. This primarily refers to tree plantings and farming. The paper discusses legal acts which might be a tool for introducing new landscape projects planned for rural areas. ...
The article presents the method for land-use evaluation of the areas located within ecological corridors in order to assess their performance in the ecological network. The method was applied for the ecological corridor located in the central part of the Góra Kalwaria commune, connecting areas of Chojnowski Forest and the Vistula Valley. The existing and future land use of the area was analyzed in terms of maintaining ecological connectivity. The study results enabled to point out several hotspots, where natural connectivity is under threat, mostly on an account of settlement building development and road infrastructure. The evaluation results can be the basis for the verification of the commune' spatial policy in terms of the location and boundaries of ecological corridors. The analyzed corridor in Góra Kalwaria commune enabled to display formal and practical problems associated with the maintenance of ecological corridors. ...
Real estate management is a series of actions specified in a relevant normative act, which are taken by public authorities in order to obtain the optimal status of all types of real estate. All major real estate management processes are derived from the Real Estate Management Act, and they are particularized in the relevant secondary legislation. They define the methods and conditions for the management of space and its objects, creating, in a sense, a set of procedures for enforcing the provisions of spatial planning documents.The Real Estate Management Act provides the legal basis for the three fundamental surveying and legal processes. These include subdivision, merger and subdivision, as well as expropriation. Basically, they are performed for real estate located within the area for which a zoning plan has been adopted or a decision on conditions of site development has been issued. It happens repeatedly that these processes can not be implemented without prior designation of the real estate on which they are to be carried out. Then, works to determine the location of the boundaries and the area of the real estate must be performed. Most frequently, these are delimitation and the restoration of boundary points - described in ...
The main subject of this study was the analysis of the spatial and engineering aspects of planning, which has direct application in decision making and emphasizing the role of citizens in the investment processes. The authors made an analysis of the proposed bypass road of Myślenice. It was suggested to shift the roadway to the north, which would provide a better access to the plough-lands, which would be better utilised. Such alternation was proposed according to the expectations of local inhabitants. Taking into account opinions of local communities, it was found that the route of the western bypass road of Myślenice city can be excluding the areas of Bysina village. What is also important proposed solution requires lower outlays than the primordial version of this investment. ...
The process of space development in rural areas is determined among others by urban planning and development of the transportation network and agricultural production, as a consequence leading to a change in the function and value of land. The assessment of the potential of the natural environment permits the determination of the scope of activities ensuring multifunctional and sustainable development of rural areas. The objective of the study was to determine the potential of the natural environment for the purposes of rural development, and particularly the co-existence of the tourist and agricultural functions. The study applied methods of valorisation of the natural environment and agricultural space known from the literature. A modification was introduced aimed at the optimal determination of the environmental potential of the study area. The research was conducted in area Brwilno, commune Stara Biała, district Płocki, province Mazowieckie. The valorisations were performed by means of point bonitation, ascribing points to each of five elements in the assessment of both tourist and agricultural potential. The methods applied so far were modified by emphasising factors the most accurately characterising a given area. Point weights of particular parameters were also changed. According to the performed study, area Brwilno shows tourist ...
The local land use plan is one of the fundamental documents containing information about space. Specifies, inter alia, the purpose, the conditions for their development and indicates the location of the public purpose investment. In carrying out the task of their own, the authorities of the municipality, through the local plan entries determine the direction of development of the region, outline the spatial policy carried out, affect the economic development of the Government entities and economic value of space, as well as affect many aspects of daily life, society and the natural environment. Its timeliness is one of the basic requirements of proper spatial policy. Equally important is the availability plan, and especially its figure for the residents of the municipality or to the entities associated with the real estate economy.With the introduction of GIS technology in planning both the acquisition of information about the area, needed in planning processes, as well as searching for information, planning is a lot easier.The publication analyzes the availability and usefulness of the information accumulated on the GIS of the municipalities. It was examined how the authorities of municipalities are drawing local plan on the Internet, whether it is posted as a layer of ...
The aim of this work was to examine the current development status and existing functional structure of selected areas, formerly owned by State Farms (PGR), and to indicate the unused potential of the analyzed areas and determine their suitability for new functions. The created characteristics allowed to determine the original and current state of selected PGR complexes. A comparative analysis of the examined former state farms was carried out from the beginning of their existence to the current state of development. Presented is the spatial development method of the studied former state farms and their compliance, with planning documents. analyzed; study of conditions and directions of spatial development, local spatial development plan, decisions on building conditions and decisions on public purpose investment. The research included important elements in the field of conservation protection, environmental protection and ownership of land and buildings. Attention was also paid to strategic planning for the analyzed areas that were originally part of the PGR complex. The SWOT / TOWS analysis was also used to determine the current state of the studied area. It allowed to choose the right strategy for a specific former state farm complex. Using the business model of Canvas, specified the path, ...
The paper discusses the issue of the "A", "B", "C" zones of spa protection regulated by "The law on spa treatment, health resorts and its protected areas, and on health resort administrative districts" (2005) aspart of the spa area or spa protection area, defined in a spa statute, established in order to protect healing medical properties and natural medical resources in the respect of values of environment protection and spa facilities. The aim of the research, the results of which arepresented in the paper, was to identify the problems related to the functioning of protection zones in spas in Polish. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the efficiency of zoning as an instrument of landscape protection, defined by the European Landscape Convention as a geographical-psychological reality perceived in a multi-sensory way. In the course of the research, selectedplanning and strategic documents were analysed, including spa statutes. On their basis, the cities in Poland with the largest and smallest area of the A zone of spa protection and health resorts in Poland according to thesize of the area of different types of spa protection zones were compared. The outcomes of the research were juxtaposed with the conclusions drawn in ...
